Editorial: Neuroscience, neurology and neurorahabilitation: contribution to the scientific dissemination of research carried out in the Brazilian scenario

Resumo

This issue of the Revista Brasileira de Neurologia features a series of articles from several national centers, covering topics from different areas of neurology.

The works presented here bring relevant scientific contributions from research conducted in the Brazilian scenario.

In our controversy section, Leão and Calil critically discuss the transition of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) to biological criteria, as proposed by the Alzheimer's Association. This is a highly relevant and controversial topic, particularly considering the recent approval by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária – ANVISA) of the monoclonal antibody donanemab and the recommendation for documentation using positron emission tomography or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for AD, as well as its non-use in cases of homozygosity for apolipoprotein E (APOE ε4) mutations. The authors also discuss the challenges of diagnosis based on biological criteria for patients who depend on the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS), which would be unfeasible due to the high cost.