Diversity in Accounting: an analysis of voluntary and Mandatory Disclosure by companies in the B3 Diversity Index (IDIVERSA)

Abstract

The objective of this research is to analyze how companies in the IDIVERSA B3 portfolio disclose diversity-related information, comparing voluntary disclosure practices, such as the Integrated Report, with mandatory disclosure practices, such as the Reference Form, in their 2023 annual reports. To achieve the study's general objective, the framework of Legitimacy Theory and Disclosure Theory was employed. The research follows a qualitative approach, using document analysis as a technical procedure and applying content analysis methodology to the reports, as well as calculating a diversity practice disclosure index. A total of 120 reports from 60 companies in 2023 were analyzed, consisting of 60 CVM Reference Forms and 60 Integrated Reports. The study's results showed that companies stood out in voluntary disclosure. Furthermore, the majority of companies conduct diversity censuses and disclose them in the Reference Form as a regulatory requirement. The companies' reports revealed a lack of alignment between the information in the Integrated Report and the requirements of the Reference Form. Companies disclosed more information and implemented programs primarily related to gender diversity. It was also observed that companies still need to implement more anti-discrimination programs to retain diverse employees in their workforce.