Não é lixo, é resíduo: a mudança social na reciclagem à luz da teoria da atividade histórico-cultural
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Enquanto mecanismos para promoção de projetos de desenvolvimento social (PDS), as parcerias entre Organizações não Governamentais (ONGs) e empresas são impulsionadas, de um lado, pelas práticas de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC) empresariais e, de outro, pela postura ativista das ONGs. Tal premissa, a partir da natureza conflitante destes atores, leva ao entendimento da parceria social como uma rede de atividades construídas coletivamente, em um contexto de tensão e contradição. Diante disso, este estudo busca compreender o processo de construção de um PDS entre uma ONG-Empresa no setor da reciclagem, e a forma como este atinge resultados por meio das contradições e desafios de aprendizagem enfrentados pelos indivíduos participantes. Para tanto, empregou-se a Teoria da Atividade Histórico-Cultural (TAHC) como lente teórico-metodológica, realizando um estudo de caso de caráter interpretativista, concernente ao PDS entre uma ONG e a Empresa Ferro. Os resultados apontam que a reciclagem, enquanto setor de atividade, configura-se como uma possibilidade de inclusão social para os sujeitos envolvidos no PDS, diante da transformação social ocasionada com o aumento da renda, empregabilidade e melhoria das condições de trabalho. Assim, a contribuição desse estudo consiste na utilização da abordagem da TAHC, enquanto possibilita tecer novas inferências sobre as tensões decorrentes da relação dialógica entre ONGs e empresas, corroborando com as discussões que envolvem a relação entre negócios e sociedade.
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